How to Cook with Enamelled Cast Iron Cookware: A Comprehensive Guide
How to Cook with Enamelled Cast Iron Cookware: A Comprehensive Guide
Enamelled cast iron cookware combines the superior heat retention of cast iron with the non-reactive, easy-to-clean surface of enamel.
This comprehensive guide will help you master the art of cooking with enamelled cast iron, whether you're a beginner or looking to refine your techniques.
Understanding Enamelled Cast Iron
Enamelled cast iron is a marvel of culinary engineering, combining the robust heat retention of traditional cast iron with the convenience of a non-reactive cooking surface.
At its core, it's regular cast iron that has been coated with a layer of enamel – a type of glass that's fused to the iron through a high-temperature firing process.
This unique construction offers a host of benefits that make it a favourite among both home cooks and professional chefs:
Non-reactive surface:
- The enamel coating creates a barrier between your food and the iron beneath.
- This makes it brilliant for cooking acidic foods like tomatoes, wine-based sauces, and citrus without any metallic taste or reaction.
- Unlike bare cast iron, you can safely marinate foods directly in your enamelled cookware.
Easy to clean:
- The smooth, non-porous enamel surface prevents food from sticking and makes cleaning a breeze.
- Most often, a simple soak in warm, soapy water is all that's needed to remove any residue.
- Unlike traditional cast iron, you can use mild soap without fear of damaging the cooking surface.
No seasoning required:
- Traditional cast iron needs regular seasoning to maintain its non-stick properties and prevent rusting.
- Enamelled cast iron comes pre-seasoned from the factory – the enamel coating acts as a permanent seasoning.
- This saves time and effort in maintenance, making it more user-friendly for busy cooks.
Available in lots of colours:
- Enamelled cast iron cookware comes in a wide range of vibrant colours and gradients.
- This allows for a seamless transition from cooktop to table, adding a touch of style to your dining presentation.
- The ability to match your cookware to your kitchen decor is an added aesthetic bonus.
Excellent heat retention and distribution:
- Like traditional cast iron, enamelled versions excel at retaining heat.
- Once hot, they maintain a steady temperature, perfect for long, slow cooking methods.
- The cast iron core ensures even heat distribution, eliminating hot spots that can lead to burnt food.
Versatility:
- Enamelled cast iron is safe for use on all cooking surfaces, including induction hobs.
- It can go directly from hob to oven, making it ideal for recipes that require both stovetop and oven cooking.
- Many pieces are attractive enough to double as serving dishes, reducing the
number of pots and dishes you need to use and clean.
Heat Retention and Distribution
Enamelled cast iron excels at maintaining consistent
temperatures, making it ideal for dishes that require steady heat. The cast iron core heats slowly but evenly, while the enamel coating helps to distribute that heat across the cooking surface.
Cooking Techniques
Low and Slow Cooking
Enamelled cast iron truly shines when it comes to low and slow cooking methods. The material's excellent heat retention and distribution properties make it perfect for dishes that require gentle, consistent heat over long periods. Here's how to make the most of your enamelled cast iron for these cooking techniques:
Getting Started:
Start with a low to medium heat:
Begin with your hob set to low or medium-low.
Enamelled cast iron retains heat exceptionally well, so you don't need high temperatures to achieve great results.
This gentle approach also protects the enamel from thermal shock.
Allow the pan to heat gradually:
Give your pan about 5-10 minutes to heat up evenly.
This slow preheating ensures the entire cooking surface reaches the desired temperature.
You can test the heat by holding your hand about 6 inches above the pan - you should feel a gentle warmth.
Add your ingredients:
Once preheated, add a small amount of oil or butter if needed.
Add your ingredients, being careful not to overcrowd the pan.
Braising:
Perfect for tough cuts of meat that benefit from long, slow cooking.
Start by searing the meat on all sides to develop flavour.
Add aromatics like onions and garlic, then deglaze with wine or stock.
Cover and transfer to a low oven (around 150°C) for several hours.
Stewing:
Ideal for creating rich, flavourful one-pot meals.
Brown meat and vegetables in the pot first for added depth.
Add liquid (stock, wine, or water) and simmer gently on the hob or in a low oven.
The even heat distribution prevents hot spots and scorching.
Soup Making:
The heavy base prevents burning, even with thick soups.
Start with a sofrito (sautéed vegetables) to build flavour.
Add liquids and simmer gently - the excellent heat retention maintains a steady temperature.
Slow Cooking Sauces:
Perfect for long-simmering pasta sauces or curry bases.
The non-reactive surface means you can cook acidic tomato-based sauces without worry.
Simmer on low heat, stirring occasionally.
Pot Roasting:
Ideal for whole chickens, beef joints, or large vegetables.
Sear the main ingredient first, then add vegetables and a small amount of liquid.
Cover and cook in a low oven for tender, flavourful results.
Tips for Success:
Be patient: Low and slow cooking is all about taking your time. Don't rush the process.
Keep the lid on: This traps moisture and flavour. Only remove to stir occasionally.
Check liquid levels: While enamelled cast iron retains moisture well, do check occasionally to ensure your dish doesn't dry out.
Let it rest: After cooking, let your dish rest in the pot. The residual heat will continue to develop flavours.
Recipe Idea: Classic Beef Bourguignon
This classic French dish showcases the benefits of low and slow cooking in enamelled cast iron, resulting in tender meat and a rich, flavourful sauce.
- Preheat your enamelled cast iron casserole over medium-low heat.
- Brown 1kg of cubed beef in batches, then set aside.
- In the same pot, sauté 200g lardons, 1 sliced onion, and 2 sliced carrots.
- Add 2 cloves of minced garlic and 1 tbsp tomato paste, cook for 1 minute.
- Return the beef to the pot, add 750ml red wine, 250ml beef stock, and a bouquet garni.
- Bring to a simmer, cover, and transfer to a 150°C oven for 3-4 hours.
- In the last hour, add 200g pearl onions and 200g mushrooms.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Stuck-on Food:
- Fill the pan with warm water and a bit of washing-up liquid
- Simmer gently for 15-20 minutes
- Food should lift easily with a wooden spoon
- For tougher residue, make a paste with bicarbonate of soda and water, apply, and let sit before scrubbing gently
Discolouration:
- Light staining is normal and doesn't affect performance
- For heavy stains, make a paste with bicarbonate of soda and water, apply, and let sit for several hours before washing
- A solution of 3 tablespoons of bleach per litre of water can help with stubborn discolouration (rinse thoroughly after)
Chips in Enamel:
- Small chips won't affect cooking performance
- For larger chips, consider professional repair or replacement
- To prevent chips, avoid sudden temperature changes and handle the cookware gently
Metallic Marks:
- These can occur from metal utensils or cooking with high heat
- Use a non-abrasive cleaner specifically designed for enamelled cookware
- In the future, use wooden or silicone utensils to prevent marks
Recipe Idea: Perfect Pan-Seared Steak
Bring steak to room temperature and pat dry
Preheat enamelled cast iron skillet over medium-high heat
Add butter, then sear steak 3-4 minutes per side
Finish in a 200°C oven to desired doneness
Care and Maintenance
To keep your enamelled cast iron in top condition:
Cleaning:
- Allow the cookware to cool before washing
- Use warm, soapy water and a soft sponge
- For stubborn stains, soak in warm water for 15-20 minutes
- Avoid abrasive cleaners or steel wool
Avoiding Thermal Shock:
- Don't place a hot pan in cold water
- Avoid dramatic temperature changes
- Let the pan cool before refrigerating leftovers
Protecting the Enamel:
- Use wooden, silicone, or nylon utensils
- Avoid metal tools that can scratch the surface
- Don't drag the cookware on rough surfaces
Storage:
- Store in a dry place
- If stacking, place a soft cloth between pans to prevent scratches
- Consider hanging larger pieces to save cupboard space
Seasoning:
- Unlike bare cast iron, enamelled cast iron doesn't need seasoning
- However, a light coating of oil after cleaning can help maintain the enamel's lustre
Choosing the Right Piece
When selecting enamelled cast iron cookware:
Consider the size: Choose based on your typical cooking needs and family size.
Check the weight: Make sure you can comfortably lift the pot when full.
Look at the handles: Ensure they're securely attached and comfortable to grip.
Inspect the enamel: It should be smooth and free from chips or cracks, although small pinholes are a part of the production process and are to be expected
Think about colour: While it doesn't affect performance, you might want a colour that matches, or complements, your kitchen or dining room.
Health and Safety Considerations
Low-fat cooking: The non-stick properties of enamel allow for cooking with less oil.
No leaching: Unlike bare cast iron, enamelled cast iron doesn't leach iron into food.
Safe for acidic foods: The enamel coating means you can cook tomato-based sauces without worry.
Even heating: Reduces the risk of hot spots that can burn food.
Conclusion
Enamelled cast iron cookware offers the best of both worlds:
the heat retention of cast iron with the ease of use of non-stick pans. By following these guidelines, you'll be able to create delicious meals while maintaining your cookware for years to come. Whether you're simmering a hearty stew, baking artisanal bread, or searing a perfect steak, your enamelled cast iron will be your reliable kitchen companion.
Remember, the key to success with enamelled cast iron is patience. Take the time to preheat properly, avoid extreme temperature changes, and care for your cookware gently. With these practices, your enamelled cast iron will serve you well for generations, becoming a treasured part of your culinary journey.
From one-pot wonders to gourmet creations, enamelled cast iron opens up a world of cooking possibilities. So go ahead, experiment with new recipes, and enjoy the wonderful meals you'll create with your enamelled cast iron cookware.
